IVF : In Vitro Fertilization
In Vitro actually means “in glass” this technique was successfully established by Dr. Edwards and Dr. Steptoe in the year 1978 following the birth of worlds first test-tube baby Louise Brown at Bournhall clinic in London. This technique has revolutionized the science of human reproduction.
In the natural fertilization process the egg is fertilized during its journey through the fallopian tube. With in vitro fertilization (IVF), the egg is fertilized with the husband’s sperms outside the woman’s body in a special laboratory. After fertilization, the Embryo’s are allowed to grow for a short period of time in the laboratory before being placed into the Uterus. A successful pregnancy can be confirmed about two weeks later.
Initially this technique was developed as a solution for infertility caused by obstructed tubes. Later it turned out that this method could also be used for treating other causes of infertility. In vitro provides many people with the opportunity to attempt pregnancy in the face of one or more factors that may otherwise decrease their chances. There are several reasons why you may be better off with IVF.
Reasons for undergoing IVF
• Significant adhesions (scar tissue)
• A history of damage to the fallopian tubes
• Endometriosis
• Unexplained infertility
• Mild to Moderate male factor
• Retrograde ejaculation
• Immunological Infertility
IVF : Important steps
• Stimulation of the ovaries to produce several ripe/ Mature eggs (Induction of Ovulation)
• Aspiration of the eggs (Ovum pick-up),
• Preparation of the sperm sample( Sperm Processing)
• Fertilization of the eggs in the laboratory (IVF) and
• Replacing two or three embryos in the uterus (Embryo Transfer)
IVF : Useful information
• Pregnancy rate per cycle is 25% – 30%
• Preparation of the sperm sample( Sperm Processing)
• Fertilization of the eggs in the laboratory (IVF) and
• Replacing two or three embryos in the uterus (Embryo Transfer)
• Disappointment and risks:
• Cancellation of cycle ~ 10%
• Severe ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome <10%
• Miscarriage rates 15% – 20%
• Ectopic pregnancy rate 5%
• Multiple pregnancy rates (transfer of the embryos) twins 10%, triplets 1%.
